Intonga yeRuby eyi-115mm: Ikristale Ende Eyandisiweyo Yeenkqubo ZeLaser Ezishukunyiswayo Eziphuculweyo
Umzobo oneenkcukacha
Isishwankathelo
Intonga yeruby eyi-115mm yikristale yelaser esebenza kakuhle, ende, eyenzelwe iinkqubo zelaser eziqinileyo ezishukumayo. Yenziwe ngeruby yokwenziwa—i-aluminium oxide matrix (Al₂O₃) exutywe nee-chromium ions (Cr³⁺)—intonga yeruby inika ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, ukuqhuba kakuhle kobushushu, kunye nokukhupha okuthembekileyo kwi-694.3 nm. Ubude obunyukileyo bentonga yeruby eyi-115mm xa ithelekiswa neemodeli eziqhelekileyo buphucula inzuzo, buvumela ukugcinwa kwamandla aphezulu ngepulse nganye kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwelaser iyonke.
Idume ngokucaca kwayo, ubulukhuni bayo, kunye neempawu zayo ze-spectral, i-ruby rod ihlala iyinto exabisekileyo ye-laser kumacandelo ezenzululwazi, ezoshishino, kunye nezemfundo. Ubude obuyi-115mm buvumela ukufunxwa okuphezulu kwe-optical ngexesha lokupompa, okuguqulela kwimveliso ye-laser ebomvu ekhanyayo nenamandla ngakumbi. Nokuba kuseto lwelabhoratri oluphambili okanye kwiinkqubo ze-OEM, i-ruby rod ibonakalisa ukuba yindlela ethembekileyo yokunciphisa ubushushu bokukhanya kunye nobushushu obuphezulu.
Ubunjineli bokubumba kunye neCrystal
Ukudalwa kwentonga yerubhi kubandakanya ukukhula okulawulwayo kwekristale enye kusetyenziswa indlela yeCzochralski. Kule ndlela, ikristale yembewu yesafire ifakwa kumxube otyhidiweyo we-aluminium oxide ecocekileyo kakhulu kunye ne-chromium oxide. Ibhola itsalwa kancinci kwaye ijikeleziswe ukuze yenze i-ingot yerubhi engenasiphako, efanayo ne-optical. Emva koko i-rubhi iyakhutshwa, imile ibe yi-115mm ubude, kwaye isikwe ngokwemilinganiselo echanekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zenkqubo ye-optical.
Intonga nganye yerubi ipholishwa ngononophelo kumphezulu wayo osicaba kunye nobuso bokuphela. Ezi buso zigqityiwe zibe zithe tyaba ngokwe-laser kwaye zihlala zifumana iingubo ze-dielectric. Ingubo ekhanyayo (HR) ifakwa kwelinye icala lentonga yerubi, ngelixa enye iphathwa nge-partial transmission output coupler (OC) okanye i-anti-reflection (AR) coating ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo lwenkqubo. Ezi ngubo zibalulekile ekukhuliseni i-photon reflection yangaphakathi kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla.
Ii-ion zeChromium kwi-ruby rod zifunxa ukukhanya okumpompayo, ingakumbi kwicandelo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwi-spectrum. Xa sele zivuselelwe, ezi i-ion zitshintshela kumanqanaba amandla azinzileyo. Xa zivuselelwe, i-ruby rod ikhupha ukukhanya okubomvu kwe-laser okuqinileyo. I-geometry ende ye-ruby rod eyi-115mm inika ubude bendlela ende yokufumana i-photon gain, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-pulse-stacking kunye ne-amplification.
Izicelo eziPhambili
Ii-ruby rods, ezaziwa ngokuba lukhuni kwazo olukhethekileyo, ukuqhuba ubushushu, kunye nokucaca kwe-optical, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo zoshishino nezenzululwazi ezichanekileyo. Zenziwe ngokuyintloko yi-single-crystal aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) exutywe ne-chromium encinci (Cr³⁺), ii-ruby rods zidibanisa amandla agqwesileyo oomatshini kunye neempawu ezizodwa ze-optical, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe obuphambili.
1.Itekhnoloji yeLaser
Enye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwee-ruby rods kukwi-solid-state lasers. Ii-ruby lasers, ezaziphakathi kwee-laser zokuqala ezakha zenziwa, zisebenzisa iikristale ze-ruby ezenziweyo njenge-gain medium. Xa zifakwe i-optically pumped (ngesiqhelo zisebenzisa izibane ze-flash), ezi rods zikhupha ukukhanya okubomvu okuqinileyo kubude bobude be-694.3 nm. Nangona kukho izixhobo ze-laser ezintsha, ii-ruby lasers zisasetyenziswa kwiindawo apho ixesha elide lokubetha kwentliziyo kunye nemveliso ezinzileyo zibalulekile, njengakwi-holography, i-dermatology (yokususa i-tattoo), kunye novavanyo lwesayensi.
2.Izixhobo Zokubona
Ngenxa yokudlulisa ukukhanya kwazo okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokukrwela, ii-ruby rods zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-optical ezichanekileyo. Ukuqina kwazo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhlala ixesha elide kwiimeko ezinzima. Ezi rods zinokusebenza njengezixhobo kwi-beam splitters, i-optical isolators, kunye nezixhobo ze-photonic ezichanekileyo.
3.Izixhobo Ezinxibe Kakhulu
Kwiinkqubo ze-mechanical kunye ne-metrology, iintonga ze-ruby zisetyenziswa njengezinto ezingagugiyo. Zifumaneka rhoqo kwiibheringi zewotshi, ii-precision gauges, kunye nee-flowmeters, apho kufuneka ukusebenza okulinganayo kunye nokuzinza kobukhulu. Ubunzima obuphezulu bukaRuby (9 kwisikali sikaMohs) buyivumela ukuba imelane nokungqubana kwexesha elide kunye noxinzelelo ngaphandle kokuwohloka.
4.Izixhobo zonyango nezohlalutyo
Iintonga zeRuby ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zonyango ezikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuhlalutya. Ukuhambelana kwazo nezinto eziphilayo kunye nokungabi namdla kwazo kwenza zifaneleke ukudibana nezicubu ezinobuthathaka okanye iikhemikhali. Kwiiseti zelebhu, iintonga zeruby zinokufumaneka kwiiprobe zokulinganisa ezisebenza kakuhle kunye neenkqubo zokuva.
5.Uphando lwezeNzululwazi
Kwisayensi yefiziksi kunye nezinto, iintonga zerubhi zisetyenziswa njengezixhobo zokubhekisa kwizixhobo zokulinganisa, ukufunda iimpawu ze-optical, okanye ukusebenza njengezalathisi zoxinzelelo kwiiseli ze-anvil zedayimani. Ukukhanya kwazo phantsi kweemeko ezithile kunceda abaphandi ukuba bahlalutye uxinzelelo kunye nokusasazwa kobushushu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuqukumbela, ii-ruby rods ziyaqhubeka nokuba zizinto ezibalulekileyo kumashishini apho ukuchaneka, ukuqina, kunye nokusebenza kokukhanya kubaluleke kakhulu. Njengoko inkqubela phambili kwisayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo iqhubeka, ukusetyenziswa okutsha kwee-ruby rods kuhlala kuphononongwa, kuqinisekiswa ukubaluleka kwazo kubuchwepheshe bexesha elizayo.
Iinkcukacha ezingundoqo
| Ipropati | Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| Ifomula yeKhemikhali | Cr³⁺:Al₂O₃ |
| Inkqubo yekristale | I-Trigonal |
| Ubukhulu beeSeli zeYunithi (ezineHexagonal) | a = 4.785 Åc = 12.99 Å |
| Ubuninzi be-X-Rey | 3.98 g/cm³ |
| Indawo yokunyibilika | 2040°C |
| Ukwandiswa kobushushu @ 323 K | Ithe nkqo kwi-c-axis: 5 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹Ihambelana ne-c-axis: 6.7 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ |
| Ukuqhuba kwe-Thermal @ 300 K | 28 W/m·K |
| Ukuqina | IiMohs: 9, I-Knoop: 2000 kg/mm² |
| IModulus kaYoung | 345 GPa |
| Ubushushu obuthile @ 291 K | 761 J/kg·K |
| Ipharamitha yokuxhathisa uxinzelelo lobushushu (Rₜ) | 34 W/cm |
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo)
Q1: Kutheni ukhethe intonga yerubhi eyi-115mm kunentonga emfutshane?
Intonga ende yerubhi inika umthamo ongakumbi wokugcina amandla kunye nobude bokunxibelelana obude, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuzuzeni okuphezulu kunye nokudluliselwa kwamandla okungcono.
Umbuzo 2: Ingaba intonga yerubhi ifanelekile kwi-Q-switching?
Ewe. I-ruby rod isebenza kakuhle kwiinkqubo ze-Q-switching ezingasebenziyo okanye ezisebenzayo kwaye ivelisa iziphumo ezinamandla ze-pulsed xa zilungelelaniswe kakuhle.
Umbuzo 3: Luluphi udidi lobushushu olunokunyamezela intonga yerubhi?
I-ruby rod iyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwiidigri ezilikhulu zeCelsius. Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo zolawulo lobushushu ziyacetyiswa ngexesha lokusebenza nge-laser.
Umbuzo 4: Iingubo ezigqunywe ngemisonto ziyichaphazela njani indlela esebenza ngayo intonga yerubhi?
Iingubo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwelaser ngokunciphisa ukulahleka kokukhanya. Iingubo ezingafanelekanga zinokubangela umonakalo okanye ukuncipha kokwanda.
Umbuzo 5: Ingaba intonga yerubhi eyi-115mm inzima okanye ibuthathaka ngakumbi kuneentonga ezimfutshane?
Nangona inzima kancinci, intonga yeruby igcina ukuqina kwayo okugqwesileyo. Ilandela idayimani ngobunzima bayo kwaye imelana nemikrwelo okanye ukutshayiswa bubushushu kakuhle.
Umbuzo 6: Zeziphi iipompo ezisebenza kakuhle nge-ruby rod?
Ngokwesiko, kusetyenziswa izibane ze-xenon flashlights. Iinkqubo zanamhlanje zinokusebenzisa ii-LED ezinamandla aphezulu okanye ii-laser eziluhlaza eziphindwe kabini ezine-diode pumped frequency-doubled.
Umbuzo 7: I-ruby rod ifanele igcinwe okanye igcinwe njani?
Gcina intonga yerubhi kwindawo engenathuli, engashukumiyo. Kuphephe ukuphatha imiphezulu egqunyiweyo ngqo, kwaye sebenzisa amalaphu angagugiyo okanye izicubu zelensi xa ucoca.
Umbuzo 8: Ngaba intonga yerubhi ingadityaniswa kwiindlela zanamhlanje zoyilo lwe-resonator?
Ngokuqinisekileyo. Intonga yeruby, nangona inemvelaphi yayo yembali, isadityaniswa kakhulu kwimiqolo ye-optical yezinga lophando kunye neyezorhwebo.
Umbuzo 9: Ingakanani ixesha lokuphila lentonga yerubhi eyi-115mm?
Ngokusebenza kakuhle nokugcinwa kakuhle, intonga yerubhi inokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo kangangeeyure ezingamawaka ngaphandle kokonakala kokusebenza.
Umbuzo 10: Ngaba intonga yerubhi iyamelana nomonakalo wamehlo?
Ewe, kodwa kubalulekile ukuphepha ukudlula umda womonakalo weengubo. Ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lobushushu kugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kuthintele ukuqhekeka.
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