1:Sapphire ikunika imvakalelo yeklasi engasoze iwe ngasemva
Isafire kunye nerubhi zezo "corundum" enye kwaye zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo.Njengomqondiso wokunyaniseka, ubulumko, ukuzinikela kunye nokunyaniseka, isafire iye yathandwa ngokubanzi ngabahloniphekileyo benkundla ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye ikwalilitye lesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-45 yomtshato.
Xa kuthelekiswa nerubhi, isafire inombala otyebileyo.Ehlabathini lobucwebe, ngaphezu kwe-corundum ebomvu ibizwa ngokuba yi-ruby, yonke eminye imibala yamatye anqabileyo e-corundum ibizwa ngokuba yisafire.Namhlanje ndithatha kuqala ukuba uqonde ukuhlelwa kombala wesafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
01 / Cornflower Blue
Intyatyambo yombona (ekhohlo)
Intyatyambo yesafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ekunene)
I-Cornflower blue sapphire, ebizwa ngokuba ngumbala ofanayo kakhulu kwi-cornflower."I-Cornflower blue" kukuba isafire yintoni "igazi lejuba" kwiirubhi, ezihambelana nemibala yamatye anqabileyo aphezulu.I-cornflower ecocekileyo yesafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ecebileyo, enombala omfusa kancinane;Ukuba ujongisisa, unokufumanisa ukuba ine-velvet texture ngaphakathi.
I-Cornflower blue sapphire umbala ococekileyo, umbala othambileyo womlilo kunye nemveliso enqabileyo, inqabileyo enqabileyo kwishishini lesafire.
02 / Peacock Blue
Intyatyambo yombona (ekhohlo)
Intyatyambo yesafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ekunene)
Ipikoko eluhlaza yesafire kunye nepikoko eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
"Fang uthando ungqatyana Yan ukuba Cuixian, Feifeng Yuhuang phantsi emhlabeni."ESri Lanka, kukho inxalenye yemveliso yendawo yesafire enegama elihle kangaka: i-peacock blue sapphire.Umbala wazo ufana neentsiba zepikoko ezidanyazayo zombane, ukuze abantu bathabatheke.
03 / Velvet blue
I-opacity yevelvet eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibonisa ubuhle
I-Velvet blue sapphire ibifunwa lishishini kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umbala wayo womelele njengeglasi ye-cobalt eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwaye inkangeleko yayo emdaka efana nevelvet inika abantu umbono oqaqambileyo kunye ne-chic.Le sapphire ifana nemvelaphi ye-cornflower blue sapphire, eveliswa kakhulu eSri Lanka, eMadagascar naseKashmir.
04 / Royal Blue
Umgexo wasebukhosini wesafire eluhlaza
Ukuba i-cornflower blue inika abantu imvakalelo yepati yefashoni eneenkwenkwezi, ngoko ke iblowu yasebukhosini ifana nesidlo sasebukhosini esimnandi nesibukekayo.Ibhlowu yasebukhosini bubuluhlaza obutyebileyo nobugcweleyo, obuthandwa kakhulu yintsapho yasebukhosini kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo.IMyanmar ngumthombo obalulekileyo wesafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokwanda kancinci komgangatho wemigodi, iMadagascar, iSri Lanka nayo yaqala ukuvelisa isafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
05 / Indigo blue
ISapphire, njengedayi ye-indigo, iphantsi kwaye inqandekile
I-Indigo yidayi enembali ende kwaye ngoku isetyenziselwa ukudaya amalaphu edenim.I-Indigo inombala omnyama kunye nokugcwala okuphantsi kancinci, kwaye ixabiso lemarike liphantsi kancinci.I-Indigo sapphire ifumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-basalt, eChina, eThailand, eMadagascar, e-Australia, eNigeria nakwezinye iindawo ziveliswa lo mbala wesafire.
06 / Twilight Blue
ukususela kumaxesha amandulo.IMyanmar ngumthombo obalulekileyo wesafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokwanda kancinci komgangatho wemigodi, iMadagascar, iSri Lanka nayo yaqala ukuvelisa isafire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
05 / Indigo blue
Twilight blue isafire
Kwisafire encinci eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yobumnyama, ibonakala iqulethe isibhakabhaka esingapheliyo emva kokutshona kwelanga.Njengeebluestones ze-indigo, i-Twilight bluestones ivela kwi-basalt kwaye iveliswa ikakhulu e-China, eThailand, eCambodia, e-Australia, eNigeria, njl.
2: Zihlelwa njani iisafire?
I-Sapphire kunye ne-ruby yayo esondeleyo yohlobo lwe-corundum mineral.Kwi-gemmology, "iintlobo" yiminerali enefomula yekhemikhali echaziweyo kunye nesakhiwo esithile se-dimensional ezintathu.
"Iintlobo ngeentlobo" liqela elincinci leentlobo zeminerali.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-corundum (iminerali).Uninzi lwezi ntlobo azinqabile okanye azixabisekanga njengesafire."Corundum" luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-corundum olusetyenziswa njenge-abrasive yorhwebo.Ukuba umphezulu we-aluminiyam yesitulo esidala se-lawn i-oxidised, inokugqunywa ngomgca obhityileyo we-corundum.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-corundum zihlukaniswa ngeempawu zombala, ukungafihli, iimpawu zangaphakathi kunye neziganeko ze-optical.Njengoluhlu lwe-corundum, isafire iza kuyo yonke imibala ngaphandle kobomvu.Ngokusisiseko, i-ruby yisafire ebomvu, njengoko ikwindidi efanayo ye-corundum, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nje.
Zombini iisafire kunye neerubhi ziyi-corundum, uhlobo lwe-aluminium oxide (Al2O3).I-Corundum inesakhiwo esiqhelekileyo se-crystal, esakhiwe ngokuphindaphinda iipatheni kwinqanaba le-athomu.Iiminerali zekristale zihlelwa ngokweenkqubo ezisixhenxe ezahlukeneyo zekristale ezahlulahlulwe ngokwe-symmetry yeeyunithi zazo eziphindayo zeathom.
I-Corundum inesakhiwo sekristale esingunxantathu kwaye iqukethe kuphela i-aluminium kunye ne-oxygen.Ifuna indawo engena-silicon ukuze ikhule.Ekubeni i-silicon yinto eqhelekileyo kwi-crust yomhlaba, i-corundum yendalo inqabile.I-corundum ecocekileyo ayinambala kwaye ibonakala, yenza isafire emhlophe.Kuphela ngokongezwa kwezinto ezilandelwayo i-corundum ifumana umnyama wemibala.
Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwiisafire eziluhlaza uvela kwi-titanium yamaminerali ngaphakathi kwekristale.Ukuphakama kwe-titanium kwisafire, iphezulu ukugcwala kombala.Ukutshatyalaliswa kombala kakhulu kunokubangela ukuba iisafire eziluhlaza zibe nefuthe elimnyama okanye elimnyama, elingathandekiyo kwaye linciphisa ixabiso lelitye.
Iisafire eziluhlaza zikwafuna izixa-mali zokulandela ezi zinto zilandelayo:
1 - Intsimbi.I-Corundum iqulethe i-traces ye-element iron, evelisa isafire eluhlaza kunye nephuzi, kwaye ixube ne-titanium ukuvelisa isafire eluhlaza.
I-2 - iTitanium.Kukho izizathu ezibini ezihlukeneyo zombala ophuzi wesafire.Esona sizathu sixhaphakileyo yi-trace element iron.Ngokubanzi, ukwandisa ukuxinana kwentsimbi kwandisa ukugcwala kombala.I-trace element i-titanium ibangela ukuba iisafire ezityheli zibonakale njengezinto eziluhlaza ezinganqwenelekiyo, ngelixa awona matye axabisekileyo akanayo i-titanium.Iisafire ezityheli zisenokufakwa imibala ngokwendalo ngamaqondo aphantsi okusasazeka kwemitha emhlabeni okanye ngemitha yelabhoratri ebangelwa yilabhoratri.Iisafire ezenziwe kwilabhoratri azinabungozi kwaye azinamitha, kodwa umbala wazo waziwa ngokuphela ekuvezweni kubushushu nasekukhanyeni.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abathengi abaninzi bayabaphepha.
3 - Chromium.Uninzi lwesafire epinki luqulethe i-chromium.Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu lwechromium luvelisa iirubhi kwaye uxinzelelo olusezantsi luvelisa isafire epinki.Ukuba ulwakhiwo lwekristale lukwaqulethe izinto zokulandelela ze-titanium, isafire iya kuthatha i-purplish-pink hue.I-Paparacha kunye neesafire ze-orange zifuna ubukho bentsimbi kunye ne-chromium.
4 - Vanadium.Iisafire ezimfusa zifumana umbala wazo kubukho be-trace mineral vanadium.Le element ithiywe ngoVanadis, igama lamandulo laseNorway likathixokazi waseScandinavia uFreyja.I-Vanadium yenzeka ngokwendalo kwezinye iiminerali ezingama-65 kunye needipozithi zamafutha efosili kwaye yinto yama-20 ininzi kakhulu emhlabeni.I-purple hue yesafire yenziwe ngamancinci amancinci e-vanadium.Izixa ezikhulu zibangela ukuba isafire itshintshe umbala.
3: Iisafire ezinemibala - iisafire zingaphezulu kweblue
Isafire, inegama elihle kakhulu lesiNgesi - iSupphire, elisuka kwisiHebhere elithi "sappir", elithetha "into egqibeleleyo" intsingiselo.Ubukho bayo buseyimfihlakalo, kodwa jonga nje kwiirekhodi zaseSri Lanka, umvelisi odumileyo we-corundum gems, eye yachithwa ubuncinane iminyaka eyi-2,500.
1."i-cornflower" isafire
Ibisoloko isaziwa njengeyona nto ibalaseleyo yobutyebi obuluhlaza.Inombala omfusa omdaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwaye inika inkangeleko eyahlukileyo, "i-cornflower" umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocwengileyo, obukekayo kunye nobuhle, luhlobo olunqabileyo lwesafire.
2. "i-royal blue" isafire
Ikwayinto ehloniphekileyo yesafire, ngakumbi ezo ziveliswa eMyanmar.Umbala uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nethoni emfusa, enobunzulu obutyebileyo, obubekekileyo kunye nobuhle obuhle, kuba umbala wasebukhosini wesafire eluhlaza, ugxininiso, ukugcwala kuneemfuno ezinkulu, ke qiniseka ukuba ufuna inkxaso yesatifikethi selabhoratri ethembekileyo xa uthenga.
3. isafire ebomvu yelotus
Eyaziwa nangokuthi "iPadma (Padparadscha)" isafire, ekwaguqulelwa njenge "Papalacha" isafire.Igama elithi Padparadscha lithathwe kwiSinhalese "Padmaraga", umbala obomvu welotus omele ubungcwele kunye nobomi, kwaye ngumbala ongcwele kwiintliziyo zamakholwa enkolo.
4.pinki isafire
Isafire epinki yenye yezona ntlobo zamatye anqabileyo akhula ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka yamva nje, kwaye abathengi baseJapan nase-United States babonise ulangazelelo olukhulu ngayo.Umbala wesafire epinki ukhaphukhaphu kunerubhi, kwaye umbala wokuzaliswa awukho phezulu kakhulu, ubonisa i-pinki ethambileyo eqaqambileyo, kodwa ayityebi kakhulu.
4.Isafire etyheli
Iisafire ezityheli zinokubhekisa kwiialloyi zegolide ezinesafire.Le ngxubevange isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwenzeni ubucwebe kunye nobucwebe ngenxa yokuba intsimbi yayo ekhazimlayo kunye nobuhle belitye elinqabileyo idibanisa ukwenza uyilo olulodwa.ISapphire ithathwa njengelitye elinqabileyo kakhulu kwi-gemology kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwenzeni ubucwebe, iiwotshi kunye nemihombiso.Amatye anqabileyo eSapphire angasetyenziselwa iinjongo zoshishino, ezifana nobuchwepheshe belaser kunye ne-optoelectronics.
I-5: I-Ruby yintlobo ebomvu ye-mineral corundum, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-aluminium oxide.Lelinye lamatye anqabileyo abaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yombala otyebileyo, ukuqina, kunye nokuqaqamba.
6:Isafire emfusa
Isafire emfusa ngumbala ongaqondakaliyo kwaye obekekileyo, ogcwele i-reverie kunye nothando, engaqhelekanga, enesimo esiphakamileyo kakhulu sengqondo sabanye abantu bafana kakhulu nesafire emfusa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-06-2023