Ii-LED zikhanyisa umhlaba wethu, kwaye entliziyweni yayo yonke i-LED esebenza kakhulu ilelei-epitaxial wafer-Icandelo elibalulekileyo elichaza ukukhanya, umbala kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngokufunda isayensi yokukhula kwe-epitaxial, abavelisi bavula amathuba amatsha okugcina amandla kunye nezisombululo zokukhanya ezingabizi kakhulu.
1. IiNdlela zokuKhula ngoBuchule ukuze kuSebenzise ngokuNgakumbi
Inkqubo yanamhlanje yokukhula enamanyathelo amabini, nangona isebenzayo, iyanciphisa ukukaleka. Uninzi lweereactors zorhwebo zikhula nje iiwafa ezintandathu ngebhetshi nganye. Ishishini litshintshela kwi:
- Iireactor ezinomthamo ophezulueziphatha iiwafers ezininzi, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokunyusa okuphumayo.
- Oomatshini be-single-wafer abazenzekelayo kakhuluukuhambelana okuphezulu kunye nokuphindaphinda.
2. I-HVPE: Indlela yokuKhawuleza ukuya kwiiSubstrates zoMgangatho oPhezulu
I-Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) ivelisa ngokukhawuleza iileya ezishinyeneyo zeGaN ezineziphene ezimbalwa, zigqibelele njenge substrates zezinye iindlela zokukhula. Ezi filimu zikhululekileyo zeGaN zinokukhuphisana neetshiphusi ezininzi zeGaN. Ukubanjwa? Ukutyeba kunzima ukulawula, kwaye imichiza inokuthoba izixhobo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
3. Ukukhula kweLateral: IiCrystals ezigudileyo, ukukhanya okuNgcono
Ngokwenza ipateni ngononophelo iwafer ngeemaski kunye neefestile, abavelisi bakhokela i-GaN ukuba ingakhuli nje phezulu, kodwa emacaleni nayo. Le "lateral epitaxy" igcwalisa izithuba ngeziphene ezimbalwa, idala isakhiwo sekristale esingenasiphako kwii-LED eziphezulu.
4. I-Pendeo-Epitaxy: Ukuyeka iiCrystals zidada
Nantsi into enika umdla: iinjineli zikhulisa i-GaN kwiikholamu ezinde kwaye emva koko ziyiyeke “ibhulorho” kwindawo engenanto. Oku kukhula okudadayo kuphelisa ubunzima obuninzi obubangelwa zizixhobo ezingahambelaniyo, okubangela iileya zekristale ezomeleleyo nezisulungekileyo.
5. Ukukhanyisa i-UV Spectrum
Izixhobo ezitsha zityhala ukukhanya kwe-LED nzulu kuluhlu lwe-UV. Kutheni le nto ibalulekile? Ukukhanya kwe-UV kunokusebenzisa iiphosphors eziphucukileyo ngobuchule obuphezulu kunokhetho lwemveli, ukuvula umnyango kwii-LED ezimhlophe eziqaqambileyo zombini kwaye zisebenzise amandla ngakumbi.
6. IiChips ezininzi zeQuantum Well: Umbala osuka ngaphakathi
Endaweni yokudibanisa ii-LED ezahlukeneyo ukwenza ukukhanya okumhlophe, kutheni ungayikhulisi yonke into enye? Iichips ezininzi ze-Multi-quantum well (MQW) zenza oko ngokufakela iileya ezikhupha amaza obude ohlukeneyo, ukuxuba ukukhanya ngokuthe ngqo ngaphakathi kwetshiphu. Isebenza kakuhle, intsonkothile, kwaye intle—nangona intsonkothile ukuyivelisa.
7. Ukurisayikilishwa kokukhanya ngeeFotonics
I-Sumitomo kunye neYunivesithi yaseBoston baye babonisa ukuba izinto zokupakisha ezifana ne-ZnSe kunye ne-AlInGaP kwii-LED eziluhlaza "zinokuhlaziya" iifotoni kwibala elimhlophe elipheleleyo. Obu bubuchule bokubeka umaleko bubonakalisa indibaniselwano eyonwabisayo yesayensi yezixhobo kunye neefotonics emsebenzini kuyilo lwangoku lwe-LED.
Zenziwa njani iiWafers ze-LED Epitaxial
Ukusuka kwi-substrate ukuya kwi-chip, nalu uhambo olwenziwe lula:
- Inqanaba Lokukhula:Inkqutyana → Yila → Isithinteli → N-GaN → MQW → P-GaN → Isihlomelo → Uhlolo
- Isigaba sokwenziwa:Ukugquma → ILithography → Ukufakela → N/P Electrodes → Ukwenza → Ukuhlela
Le nkqubo icokisekileyo iqinisekisa ukuba i-chip nganye ye-LED ihambisa ukusebenza onokuthi uthembele kuyo-nokuba ukhanyisa isikrini sakho okanye isixeko sakho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-08-2025