Intshayelelo
Iphefumlelwe yimpumelelo yeesekethe ezidibeneyo ze-elektroniki (EICs), intsimi yeesekethe ezidibeneyo ze-photonic (PICs) ziye zaguquka ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo kwi-1969. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo ne-EICs, ukuphuhliswa kweqonga lehlabathi lonke elikwazi ukuxhasa izicelo ezahlukeneyo zeefotoni zihlala zingumngeni omkhulu. Eli nqaku liphonononga i-Lithium Niobate evelayo kwi-teknoloji ye-Insulator (LNOI), ethe yakhawuleza yaba sisisombululo esithembisayo kwi-PIC yesizukulwana esilandelayo.
Ukunyuka kweTekhnoloji ye-LNOI
I-Lithium niobate (LN) sele iqatshelwe njengezinto eziphambili kwizicelo zefotonic. Nangona kunjalo, kuphela ngokufika kwefilimu encinci ye-LNOI kunye nobuchule bobugcisa obuphambili obuthe bavulwa ngokupheleleyo. Abaphandi babonise ngempumelelo i-ultra-low-loss ridge waveguides kunye ne-ultra-high-Q microresonators kumaqonga e-LNOI [1], ephawula ukutsiba okubalulekileyo kwiifotoni ezidibeneyo.
Izinto ezilungileyo ezingundoqo ze-LNOI Technology
- Ilahleko ye-optical ephantsi kakhulu(phantsi njenge-0.01 dB/cm)
- Izakhiwo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ze-nanophotonic
- Inkxaso yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-optical nonlinear
- Ubuchule be-electro-optic (EO) obudityanisiweyo
IiNkqubo ze-Optical ezingezizo kwi-LNOI
Izakhiwo eziphezulu ze-nanophotonic ezenziwe kwi-platform ye-LNOI zivumela ukufezekiswa kweenkqubo eziphambili ze-optical nonlinear kunye nokusebenza okuphawulekayo kunye namandla amancinci ompompo. Iinkqubo ezibonisiweyo ziquka:
- Isizukulwana seSibini seHarmonic (SHG)
- IsiZukulwana esiSisimbuku seFrequency (SFG)
- IsiZukulwana soMahluko weFrequency (DFG)
- IParametric Down-Conversion (PDC)
- Ukuxuba amaza amane (FWM)
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuthelekisa izigaba ziye zaphunyezwa ukuze kuphuculwe ezi nkqubo, kumiselwe i-LNOI njengeqonga elisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi elingenamgca.
Izixhobo eziDityanisiweyo ze-Electro-Optically Tunable
Itekhnoloji ye-LNOI yenze ukuba kuphuhliswe uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo ezifotayo ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo, ezifana nezi:
- Iimodyuli ze-high-speed optical
- Ukuphinda kuqwalaselwe ii-PIC ezisebenzayo
- Iicombs ezifumaneka rhoqo
- Imithombo yeMicro-optomechanical
Ezi zixhobo ziphakamisa iipropati ze-EO zangaphakathi ze-lithium niobate ukufezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo, olukhawulezayo lweempawu zokukhanya.
Usetyenziso olusebenzayo lwe-LNOI Photonics
IiPIC ezisekelwe kwi-LNOI ngoku zamkelwa kwinani elikhulayo lezicelo ezisebenzayo, ezibandakanya:
- Iziguquli zeMicrowave-to-optical
- Abenzi boluvo bokubona
- Kwi-chip spectrometers
- I-Optical frequency cobs
- Iinkqubo zothungelwano ezikwizinga eliphezulu
Ezi zicelo zibonisa amandla e-LNOI ukuhambelana nokusebenza kwezinto ezininzi ze-optic, ngelixa zibonelela ngezisombululo ezinobungozi, ezisebenza ngamandla ngokwenziwa kweefotolithographic.
Imingeni yangoku kunye nezikhokelo zexesha elizayo
Ngaphandle kwenkqubela phambili ethembisayo, itekhnoloji ye-LNOI ijongene nemiqobo emininzi yobugcisa:
a) Ukunciphisa ngakumbi ilahleko yamehlo
Ilahleko yangoku ye-waveguide (0.01 dB / cm) isengumyalelo wobukhulu obuphezulu kunomda wokufunxa izinto. Ukuqhubela phambili kwiindlela ze-ion-slicing kunye ne-nanofabrication ziyafuneka ukunciphisa uburhabaxa bomphezulu kunye neziphene ezinxulumene nokufunxa.
b) Ulawulo lweJiyometri yeWaveguide ephuculweyo
Ukuvumela i-sub-700 nm yamaza amaza kunye ne-sub-2 μm yokudityaniswa kwezithuba ngaphandle kokuncama ukuphindaphinda okanye ukonyusa ilahleko yosasazo kubalulekile kuxinaniso oluphezulu lohlanganiso.
c) Ukuphucula iNdlela yokuSebenza ngokuFanelekileyo
Ngelixa iifayibha ezithenjiweyo kunye neziguquli zemowudi zinceda ukufikelela kwimpumelelo ephezulu yokudibanisa, ii-anti-reflection coatings zinokuphinda zinciphise imbonakalo yojongano lomoya.
d) Uphuhliso lwaMacandelo eLahleko ePhantsi yePolarization
Izixhobo ze-photonic ezingenayo i-polarization kwi-LNOI ziyimfuneko, zifuna amacandelo ahambelana nokusebenza kwe-polarizers yendawo yamahhala.
e) Ukudityaniswa koLawulo lwe-Electronics
Ukudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo i-electronics control-scale-scale ngaphandle kokuthoba ukusebenza kwe-optical lukhokelo oluphambili lophando.
f) ISigaba esiPhakathi sokuMatanisa kunye nobuNjineli bokusasaza
Ipateni yesizinda esithembekileyo kwisisombululo se-micron ibalulekile kwi-nonlinear optics kodwa ihlala iyitekhnoloji engekafiki kwiqonga le-LNOI.
g) Imbuyekezo yeZiphene zokuFakwa
Ubuchwephesha bokunciphisa utshintsho lwesigaba olubangelwa lutshintsho lwemo engqongileyo okanye ulwahlulo lwemveliso lubalulekile kubhengezo lwehlabathi lokwenyani.
h) Ukudibanisa i-Multi-Chip esebenzayo
Ukujongana nokudibanisa okusebenzayo phakathi kweetshiphusi ezininzi ze-LNOI kuyafuneka ukulinganisa ngaphaya kwemida yokudityaniswa kwe-wafer enye.
Ukudityaniswa kwe-Monolithic ye-Active and Passive Components
Owona mceli mngeni kwii-LNOI PICs ludibaniso lwe-monolithic oluneendleko ezisebenzayo kunye nezinto ezingenzi nto ezifana:
- IiLaser
- Abachongi
- Iziguquli zobude obungangqalanga
- Iimodyuli
- Multiplexers/Demultiplexers
Izicwangciso ezikhoyo zibandakanya:
a) Ion Doping yeLNOI:
I-doping ekhethiweyo yeeyoni ezisebenzayo kwimimandla echongiweyo inokukhokelela kwimithombo yokukhanya kwe-chip.
b) Ukudityaniswa kunye noManyano oluLuhlu:
Ukudibanisa ii-PICs ze-LNOI ezenziwe ngaphambili ezenziwe nge-doped LNOI okanye iilaser ze-III-V zibonelela ngenye indlela.
c) I-Hybrid Active/Passive LNOI Wafer Fabrication:
Indlela yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ibandakanya ukudibanisa iiwafers ze-LN ezine-doped kunye nezingafakwanga phambi kokunqunyulwa kwe-ion, okukhokelela kwii-wafers ze-LNOI ezinemimandla yomibini esebenzayo kunye ne-passive.
Umfanekiso woku-1ibonisa ingcamango ye-PICs edibeneyo edibeneyo esebenzayo / engabonakaliyo, apho inkqubo ye-lithographic enye yenza ulungelelwaniso olungenamthungo kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo zombini iindidi zamacandelo.
Ukudityaniswa kweeFotodetectors
Ukudibanisa ii-photodetectors kwii-PIC ezisekelwe kwi-LNOI lelinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo elisingise kwiinkqubo ezisebenza ngokupheleleyo. Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ziphantsi kophando:
a) Udibaniso oluNgxaki:
IiSemiconductor nanostructures zinokudityaniswa okwethutyana kwi-LNOI waveguides. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuculwa kokuchongwa kokusebenza kunye nokulinganisa kusafuneka.
b) Uguqulo lweWavelength engahambelaniyo:
Iipropathi ze-LN ezingezizo ezivumela uguqulo oluphindaphindiweyo ngaphakathi kwee-waveguides, zenza ukuba kusetyenziswe i-silicon photodetectors eqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-wavelength.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kobuchwepheshe be-LNOI kusondeza ishishini kwiqonga le-PIC lehlabathi elikwaziyo ukukhonza uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ngokujongana nemingeni ekhoyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili izinto ezintsha kwi-monolithic kunye ne-detector indibaniselwano, ii-PIC ezisekelwe kwi-LNOI zinamandla okuguqula amasimi afana nonxibelelwano, ulwazi lwe-quantum, kunye nokuziva.
I-LNOI ibambe isithembiso sokuzalisekisa umbono wexesha elide we-PICs ezikhawulezayo, ezihambelana nempumelelo kunye neempembelelo ze-EICs. Iinzame eziqhubekayo ze-R&D-ezifana nezo zivela kwiPlatform yeNkqubo ye-Nanjing Photonics kunye ne-XiaoyaoTech Design Platform-iya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo ekubunjweni kwekamva leefotonic ezidibeneyo kunye nokuvula amathuba amatsha kwiinkalo zobuchwepheshe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-18-2025